What is NIST 800-53? NIST Special Publication 800-53 is an extensive list of security and privacy controls that has been formulated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. It is created to assist organisations in securing information systems against the changing cyber threats without breaking the federal and industry regulations. NIST 800-53 is risk-based and control-intensive, unlike lightweight standards. It applies not only to federal information systems, but also to the organizations of the private sector that serve the workloads of the government or are consistent with the high-assurance security practices.